Frecuencia del riesgo obstétrico en gestantes atendidas en el Hospital IESS Ceibos, periodo de mayo a noviembre del 2025.

Abstract

Recognizing conditions that could lead to complications during pregnancy is a key aspect of maternity care. Factors such as advanced maternal age, pre-existing conditions, obstetric history, and socioeconomic limitations can negatively impact pregnancy outcomes. Objective: To determine the frequency of obstetric risk in pregnant women treated at the IESS Ceibos Hospital from May to November 2025. Methodological Design: A quantitative, descriptive, and retrospective study. Population: 374 pregnant women from the Gynecology Department of the selected hospital. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Indirect observation matrix. Results: At least one risk factor was identified in the pregnant women studied. Women aged 35 to 39 years (60%) comprised the largest proportion in the age group, followed by women aged 14 to 19 years (3%). In the area of obstetric history, the most frequent event was stillbirth (2%), followed by high parity and fetal death, both at 1%. Regarding body mass index, overweight pregnant women comprised 17%, obesity 54%, and maternal malnutrition 6%. Vaginal infections were present in 7% of pregnant women, and 6% presented with threatened preterm labor. Among medical conditions, preeclampsia (24%) and heart disease (21%) were the most frequent, while other conditions were less common. Conclusions: Obstetric risk in the studied population is determined by the interaction of multiple factors, including gynecological and obstetric history, nutritional status, and current medical conditions.