Calidad de vida en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en un hospital de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis affect functional capacity, emotional well-being, and daily life organization. Objective: To determine the quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease at a hospital in Guayaquil. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental, prospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted. One hundred and twenty-nine completed questionnaires were analyzed using a demographic and clinical data sheet and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 (KDQOL-36), whose renal components were transformed to a scale of 0 to 100, with higher scores corresponding to better quality of life. Results: In the demographic profile, the 60-74 age group comprised 39%, women represented 52%, and higher education was the most common factor in 54%. In the clinical profile, hypertension was present in 74%, arteriovenous fistula in 70%, and three weekly dialysis sessions in 95%. In the quality of life components, physical limitations reached 74% and reduced activity due to emotional causes reached 71%; the transformed averages were 30.57 for renal burden, 69.54 for symptoms, and 58.28 for effects. The descriptive average of the three renal components was 52.80 points, indicating a medium level of quality of life. Conclusion: Quality of life was affected in physical, emotional, and daily living areas associated with symptom burden and dependence on therapy.