Hipoacusia ocupacional: avances en diagnóstico, prevención y control del ruido laboral. Revisión bibliográfica.

Abstract

Occupational hearing loss refers to hearing damage resulting from prolonged or repeated exposure to intense noise in the workplace. This highlights a current issue within the industrial sector regarding constant monitoring, preventive maintenance, occupational training, and the timely identification of hearing damage; consequently, the primary objective is to analyze scientific studies published from 2020 onwards concerning advancements, prevention, and workplace noise control related to occupational hearing loss, while considering trends, relevant findings, limitations, and challenges in occupational health and safety. The methodology involved a systematic literature review conducted across various academic databases, scientific repositories, and sources specializing in occupational health and safety. Using the PRISMA framework and search engines such as PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, Google Scholar, Redalyc, and DOAJ employing Boolean operators (AND/OR) researchers examined indexed journals covering occupational health and safety, occupational medicine, and workplace physical hazards. Among the key findings, an elevated risk was identified in workers with more than 10 years of exposure. Audiometric testing revealed high sensitivity, underscoring the importance of early detection in reducing incidence rates. It is concluded that early detection via frequency audiometry, the use of engineering controls, and the proper handling of protective equipment are essential..