Propuesta nutricional en paciente crítico con disfagia.

Abstract

For the nutritional management of protein-energy malnutrition and mixed dysphagia in a 46-year-old female patient weighing 38 kg, a dietary regimen of 1,928 kcal was established, with a properly balanced macronutrient distribution consisting of 60% carbohydrates, 14.2% proteins, and 25.8% fats. With this distribution, a significant increase in the patient's body weight was achieved, as determined through anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters. Due to the dysphagia presented during her stay in the hospital unit, a mixed dietary therapeutic plan was initiated, incorporating an enteral formula providing 800 kcal, 84 g of carbohydrates, 28 g of fat, and 48 g of protein, combined with traditional Ecuadorian meals with an appropriate consistency for the patient's consumption. This approach helped meet her energy requirements while improving digestion and nutrient absorption, thereby contributing to a better quality of life.The patient also presented protein-energy malnutrition, which, if not managed with an appropriate dietary therapeutic intervention, may lead to severe and recurrent complications. Healthcare professionals should carefully consider the underlying cause of the dysphagia and the serious risks associated with this condition in both the short and long term.