Factores asociados en el desarrollo de infecciones en el sitio quirúrgico en pacientes del área de traumatología de un hospital de especialidades de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Introduction: Infections in the surgical site is one of the most important postoperative complications. Most infections originate during the surgical procedure. Objective: To determine the factors that affect the infections of the surgical site in patients from the traumatology area of the HTMC in the months of November 2017 to January 2018.Methodology: An analytical-descriptive, retrospective and quantitative study was performed on patients undergoing surgical procedures in the traumatology area, by reviewing clinical histories, applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: In the evaluation period, 29 patients were found, which represent 5% of the total of 958 surgeries performed in the area of Traumatology. The majority of patients studied were male (79%); ages between 16 to 30 years with 41%; in the hospital stay for more than 21 days with 69%; in the comorbidities, 52% of the patients did not report any underlying pathology; in toxic habits, 83% reported having none; In the duration of the surgery, 82% of the procedures lasted between less than two hours up to two exact hours; 62% of the interventions were clean; 100% of patients obtained preoperative prophylaxis. Conclusion: This study concluded that the majority of affected patients were male, between the ages of 16 to 30 years, without the need to present habits or comorbidities. It is important to emphasize that we found that most of the infected patients had more than 21 hospitalized days.