Evaluación del efecto de tratamientos pre germinativos en semillas de Guachapelí (Albizia guachapele) en el cantón Guayaquil, provincia del Guayas.

Abstract

The present research was developed at km 16 Guayaquil- Salinas freeway.The general objective was to evaluate the effect of pre- germinative treatments on the seeds of Guachapeli (Albizia guachapele) to prevent a non-successful germination. The pre germinative treatments used were: T1(scarification with sandpaper), T2 (scarification with sandpaper and immersion on gibberellic acid for 8 hours), T3 (scarification with sandpaper and immersion on water for 24 hours), T4 (scarification with sandpaper and immersion on coconut water for 24 hours). The completely random design with “monofactorial arrangement” was used on this experiment. The methodology of “partial budgets” proposed by CIMMYT was used to determine the cost of application of each treatment. The studied variables were percentage of germination, days at emergency, diameter of the stem, number of leaves and height of the plant. Comparison of the treatments were performed using the Games Howell 5 % “post hoc” test. The quality of the Guachapeli seeds was previously tested, obtaining an average of 25675 seeds in one kg, from 4 samples of Guachapeli seeds, 10 g each, it was obtained an average percentage of 92 % purity and an average percentage of 8.6 % non-viable seeds from 4 samples of Guachapeli seeds, 200 seeds each. It was evidenced that T2 presented the best responses to the following variables: 91 % percentage of germination, plant height with an average of 9.98 cm registered 30 days after sowing and 11.84 cm registered 45 days after sowing, this treatment also obtained the best profits with USD 47.72. On the other hand, it was observed that T2, T3 and T4 were the treatments that took less time to germinate, the emergency of the seeds in these treatments occurred 2 days after sowing. The pre- germinative treatments did not produce a significant effect on the number of leaves of the plant, nor stem diameter 30 days after sowing, nonetheless 45 days after sowing the stem diameter was statistically significant by T4 presenting an average diameter of 1.027 mm.