Glucosa alterada en ayunas asociada con obesidad en escolares y adolescentes. Hospital de especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo octubre 2016 - septiembre 2017.

Abstract

Introduction: In 2014, childhood obesity was classified as the largest public health crisis worldwide according to the WHO. Objective: To determine the relation between impaired fasting glucose and obesity in schoolchildren and adolescents who attended the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital during the period of 2016 - 2017. Material and Methods: Case-control study of 447 children and adolescents between the ages of 5 and 15 years old, with both normal weight and obesity, who attended the outpatient care center. Results: 447 cases were analyzed, 305 were diagnosed with obesity, of which 203 (66.6%) were schoolchildren and 102 (33.4%) adolescents. The control group with normal weight had 142 patients, 112 (78.9%) were schoolchildren and 30 (21.1%) were adolescents. The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose for normal weight was 3.52% and 14.42% for obese patients (p = 0.002). Within the group of patients with obesity, the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose was 12.32% in schoolchildren and 18.63% in adolescents. Patients with obesity are 7.51 times more likely to develop impaired fasting glucose in relation to normal weight (OR: 7.51, CI: 95%). Family history of diabetes mellitus type 2, had a prevalence of 21.1% in normal weight patients and 46.50% in those with obesity (p = 0.000). Conclusions: This study has established the relation between obesity at an early age and the development of impaired fasting glucose levels, mainly affecting adolescents, which is why early treatment and prevention of this condition is recommended as it increases the risk of developing other metabolic disorders.