Análisis clínico-patológico de los linfomas de células T en la población del Instituto Oncológico Nacional SOLCA, Guayaquil-Ecuador (2000-2016).

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine clinical and histopathological characteristics of T-cell lymphomas at the National Oncology Institute of SOLCA in Guayaquil, Ecuador, in the period 2000-2016. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A cross-sectional retrospective study of prevalence was carried out, based on the collection of data from the National Oncology Institute of SOLCA. RESULTS: In the 2000-2016 period, 3101 (6.2%) cases of lymphomas were diagnosed, of which 61 cases (1.97%) were T -cell lymphomas. The predominant sex was female (60.7%) with an average age of 52 years. The most frequent histopathological type was peripheral T-lymphoma, non-specific (29.5%). More than half (51%) had adenopathies and B symptoms at the time of diagnosis with a direct, positive relation between both (p = 0.001), 41% showed high levels of LDH. Most of them were in stage I of Ann Arbor (37.7%). The low intermediate risk according to IPI predominated with 32.8% of the cases, as well as level 1 of ECOG (41%). CONCLUSIONS: T-cell lymphomas have a very low prevalence in our population according to the studied database. This disease has predominance in the female sex with an age range of approximately 52 years. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma is the most frequent histopathological subtype, mostly presenting adenopathies and B symptom. Important diagnostic data were the values of LDH and increased ESR. Most cases were in stage I of Ann Arbor, low intermediate risk (IPI) and a high quality of life level according to the ECOG scale.