Prevalencia de sepsis neonatal en el servicio de la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales en un hospital de segundo nivel de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Neonatal sepsis is one of the most frequent pathologies observed in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), derived from the invasion and proliferation of bacteria. The present investigation describes that is a health issue of worldwide importance due to the high mortality rates recorded. According to the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) in 2014, neonatal sepsis is the fourth in infants mortality with a total of 159 deaths. Objective: To know the Prevalence of Neonatal Sepsis in the Service of the Intensive Care Unit of a second level hospital in the city of Guayaquil. Methodology: A prospective descriptive study of prevalence was performed in patients admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit during the period of January to July 2018 in a second level institution in the city of Guayaquil. Results: In the analysis of a population of 400 neonates, 83 neonates with sepsis (20.75%) were identified, 43 cases with late sepsis and 36 cases with early sepsis were recorded, which are more frequently observed in male neonates (54.22%), sex female corresponds to (45.48%). Of the microorganisms involved in the onset of late neonatal sepsis in 69% is Staphylococcus Epidermidis and in early sepsis the most frequent microorganism was Staphylococcus group B in 60%. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of neonatal sepsis, with late sepsis, male sex, weight less than 3000 g and prematurity being more frequent.