Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de alteraciones musculo esqueléticas en jóvenes de 14 a 16 años que acuden a la Unidad Educativa Manuel J. Calle del cantón La Troncal. mayo a agosto del 2018.

Abstract

This research work entitled: Prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders in young people aged 14 to 16 years who come to the unit at the Manuel J. Educational Unit. Calle del cantón La Troncal, from May to August 2018, has as objective to know the musculoskeletal alterations that young people from 14 to 16 years old may have in this institution, where a methodology with a quantitative approach was used, using as techniques and instruments the postural test, applied by means of a survey to children aged 14 , 15 and 16 years, where 92 students were evaluated, obtaining as a result a high level of risk in the musculoskeletal alterations according to the postural test, being 66% those that present scoliosis, reflected as the most predominant, followed by the lordosis, kyphosis, and more postural alterations. giving as the alteration less present in the students, the genu varum with 18%. It was also possible to determine that the musculoskeletal signs are present in said institution, due to the risk factors they present such as the weight of the backpack and inadequate postures. Motivated to the obtained results, it was decided to elaborate a plan of specific therapeutic educational activities that is based on exercises of stretching and postural hygiene that allows to prevent musculoskeletal alterations in children that correspond to those ages.