Prevalencia de Espondiloartritis y uso de tratamientos biológicos y no biológicos en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el año 2016.

Abstract

Introduction: Spondyloarthritis is the term used to describe a group of rheumatic pathologies. It includes 5 subtypes: Ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis. All of these types can produce chronic inflammation of the enthesis and can also affect other structures, moreover, they can cause bone ankylosis. The frequency of this pathology has been determined in many Ibero-American countries, nevertheless Ecuador is not included in this list, so in our study, we are looking to determine an approximate number of cases in our country. Objective: To know the prevalence of patients with spondyloarthritis treated in the external consultation of rheumatology in HTMC during 2016 and the treatment used. Material and methods: We did a non-experimental, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, which included 181 patients treated in the external consult of rheumatology in HTMC during 2016, and that met with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: 181 patients were included, 115 of them are male (63,54%) and 66 are female (36,46%), the age varied since 14 to 88 years old, but the majority were between 30 to 50 years (42,55%) and the mean of the group was 49,2%. The most common diagnostics in this population were ankylosing spondyloarthritis (65,75%), psoriatic arthritis (33,15%), Reiter´s disease (0,55%) and reactive arthritis (0,55%). The clinical presentation in the majority of the cases were combinated (49,72%), folllowed by the axial symptoms (36,46%) and the periferic ones (13,8%) and the dactylitis was the predominant extra-articular symptom(16,57%). 28,73 % of the patients had positive HLA B27. About the treatment , the biologic drugs were the most used with 53,59% of the cases, followed by methotrexate that was 39,23%. Conclusions: The ankylosing spondyloarthritis is the most common type of spondiloarthropathies in Ecuador, followed by the psoriatic arthritis. And the teraphy used in the majority of the cases is the biologic treatment.