Patologías congénitas cardiacas más frecuentes en niños menores de 1 año en el Hospital General del Norte IESS Los Ceibos durante el período de junio del 2017 a enero del 2018.

Abstract

Congenital heart diseases (CC) are structural malformations of the heart or the great vessels, which cause functional impairment, which are present at birth, and are discovered at that moment or later during the lifetime of the carrier. These are a group of complex diseases that cause a serious health problem in both the public and private sectors. The aim of this study is to identify the most frequent congenital heart malformations in children under 1 year of age in the general hospital of the north IESS Los Cebids in the city of Guayaquil during the period from June 2017 to January 2018. The data of this investigation will be obtained from databases of pediatric patients seen in the general hospital of the North IESS Los Ceibos through the review of medical records. In the study period, a total of 35,105 pediatric visits were made to children under 1 year of age, 1025 (2.92%) cases of congenital malformations were detected, of which 108 corresponded to congenital heart malformations (CC), that is, 10, 53% of the malformations observed were of the CC type. According to the data obtained, we conclude that the most frequent congenital cardiac malformations in children under 1 year of age are non-cyanotic congenital cardiac malformations (NC) with a total of 102 cases (94%) and 6 cases (6%) corresponding to malformations. Cardiac congenital cyanosis (C), these being the least frequent. The CIA is the most prevalent non-cyanotic congenital heart disease in our study with 58 cases (56.86%) and congenital cyanotic cardiac malformations. Tetralogy of Fallot is the most frequent with 5 cases (83.33%).