La industrialización en el Ecuador y su capacidad de absorción de mano de obra en el periodo 2008-2017.

Abstract

The objective of this study is to measure the labor absorption capacity of the Ecuadorian industry in the 2008-2017 period. For this, the different theories on industrialization, employment generation and foreign trade have been reviewed, among which are the structuralist theory of Raúl Prébisch, the laws of endogenous development of Kaldor and the theory of the comparative advantage of David Ricardo, between others. On the other hand, the results of the situational analysis of the Ecuadorian industry are exposed in the aforementioned study period, which has shown a low export dynamic of products of greater technological intensity to that of primary goods; a trade balance with deficits caused by imports of final goods that do not occur within the territory; as well as a lower share of GDP in the manufacturing sector than in the rest of the region. Another important result of this study is the evidence of the unsuccessful goals of the transformation of the productive matrix of Ecuador, where eight of the nine goals were not met. Finally, it is concluded that during the aforementioned period of research, and especially in the five-year period of change of the productive matrix (2013-2017), the absorption of labor of the industry was equivalent to 13.85% and 13.76 % respectively, showing that the results of this strategy for the transformation of the productive structure of the country were not positive.