Obesidad y sobrepeso como factores de riesgo para el control del asma bronquial en niños escolares del Centro de Salud Pascuales. Año 2018.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The WHO estimates that there are currently 235 million patients with bronchial asthma (AB). AB is the most frequent chronic disease in children. Asthma and obesity are two disorders of great impact on public health that have increased their prevalence in recent years. The results of several studies suggest that just as weight gain increases the risk of uncontrolled asthma, the loss improves its evolution and control. In Ecuador, the Ecuadorian Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) maintains that 3,275 new cases of this disease were registered. Likewise, statistics indicate that the disease affects 10% of the Ecuadorian child population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, prospective study was carried out, the level of research was relational, cross-sectional and analytical. The population studied comprised a total of 58 patients with a diagnosis of bronchial asthma who were treated at the Pascuales health center for patients 5 to 9 years of age. The information was obtained from the surveys made to the mother or guardian of the patients under study, after validation by experts. RESULTS: study with 58 patients of which 57.8% have uncontrolled asthma, of which 70% have normal nutritional status. Regarding the relationship established in this study, it was found that there is no association between obesity and overweight with the asthma control. CONCLUSIONS: Asthma control is multifactorial. No statistically significant difference could be demonstrated in the control of bronchial asthma between normal weight children and overweight and obese children (P = 0.6).