Diseño de arreglos de antenas de microcinta para sistemas inalámbricos en la banda de 2.4 GHZ.

Abstract

In the present work it’s describe the design and simulation of arrays of rectangular patch microstrip antennas. A study is made of the phase arrangements and their main radiation characteristics, as well as the theoretical fundamentals of the design of the microstrip antennas, describing the different configurations, modes of feeding and excitation. The design of the antenna that constitutes the simple element of the arrays is based and its characteristics of radiation and input impedance at the 2.4 GHz frequency are determined with the use of the High Frequency Structures Simulation program (HFSS). Finally, it’s propose the design and simulation of two flat uniform arrays of 2x2 and 4x4 elements with different values of relative phase of excitation that allow to vary the direction of the main lobe of the radiation beam from 0 to 360 degrees. The Exploratory method is used to deepen the current state of microstrip antenna array technology and its use in wireless communications, thus establishing the state of the art of that subject. With this the Descriptive method is applied to analyze the obtained information and to use it in designing microstrip antenna arrays for wireless systems in the 2.4 GHz band. The Empirical-Analytical paradigm and a Quantitative approach with mathematical operations are applied to characterize the studied technologies and make designs of each proposed structure. The design methodology is Experimental because the investigated parameters are manipulated to obtain the best design characteristics in terms of gain and directivity.