Prevalencia de hábitos nocivos en pacientes con lactancia materna y de biberón Clínica UCSG B-2018.

Abstract

The suction, congenital and natural reflex of a child, is one of the first physiological activities of the human being and corresponds to the basic need of feeding of the organism such as nutrition. Objective: Determine the prevalence of harmful oral habits in breastfeeding and bottle-feeding patients. Materials and methods: A crosssectional, descriptive, observational study was conducted. There were examined 200 pediatric patients aged from 4 to 10 years old who were treated in three Dental Clinics of UCSG, conducting a survey to the guardian of the child. The variables observed were age, gender, type and duration of breastfeeding, presence of harmful oral habits, and signs and symptoms that occur during the day and night, such as bottle use, rough fingers, dry lips, snoring and nighttime drooling, among others. Results: There were evaluated 200 patients, embracing 55% with 110 female patients, and 45% with 90 male patients. Regarding the most frequent harmful oral habit, the gathered data indicates bottle feeding with 21%, mouth breathing and digital suction, both 15%, and atypical swallowing with 10%. The frequency of harmful oral habits by gender was higher in the female sex with 54% representing 130 patients. Discussion: According to carried out studies, there exists direct relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the prevention the development of harmful habits, and a child without exclusive breastfeeding and was bottle fed, presents greater predisposition to have the use of feeding bottle as a harmful oral habit. Conclusion: There exists an association between artificial lactation and the appearance and development of harmful oral habits. Therefore, breastfeeding should be considered as a preventive factor in the appearance of these habits.