Prevalencia de maloclusión asociada a la disfunción temporomandibular Clínica UCSG – B 2018.

Abstract

Introduction: Dental occlusion is defined as the adequate contact of the incisal and occlusal surfaces between the upper and lower parts. When it is modified, it causes an occlusal disorder called "malocclusion", which causes an aesthetic and functional inconvenience that, considering the severity, in a short time and / or long term would cause complications in the temporomandibular joint. Objective: To determine which type of malocclusion has the greatest tendency to develop temporomandibular dysfunction in the Clinic UCSG - B 2018.Materials and Methods: A crosssectional clinical study of descriptive analytical design was carried out. We worked with a sample of 90 students who attended the Occlusion Clinic I and II of the UCSG in the period B-2018. Through previous biosecurity processes, an intraoral clinical examination was performed on patients in which the following variables were observed: malocclusion, interincisal relationship, temporomandibular joint diagnostic assessment and severity of temporomandibular disorders. Results: According to the severity of the temporomandibular disorders, 44 patients presented mild dysfunction in 48.89%, 17 moderate dysfunction in 18.89% and 1 severe dysfunction in 1.11%. Class III is more likely to develop temporomandibular disorders with 47.06% (mild), 38.64% (moderate), followed by Class II in 29.41% (mild), 40.91% (moderate). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the malocclusion that tends to develop temporomandibular disorders more frequently was Class III Angle followed by Class II, presenting a degree of mild dysfunction that was remarkable in the female sex. Key Words: dental occlusion, malocclusion, temporomandibular dysfunction, temporomandibular joint, overjet.