Prevalencia de hiperbilirrubinemia en neonatos en el área de tránsito neonatal de un hospital de especialidades pediátricas año 2017 - 2018.

Abstract

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is increasing in neonatal units, which is why it is considered a public health problem within the neonatal population. The "Pan American Health Organization" notes that, in Latin America, the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia is 26%. The problem of this study focuses on the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital in Guayaquil, in the Transit area, where there are cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Therefore, our objective is to determine the prevalence of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates of the Transit Area of the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital in Guayaquil, to raise awareness about the importance of controls and prenatal education. The methodology used was descriptive, quantitative and for the collection of data, an indirect observation guide is applied, through sixteen items with multiple options. The sample consisted of 100 neonatal patients with hyperbilirubinemia from the Transit area of the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital in Guayaquil. The results showed that 75% presented physiological hyperbilirubinemia, those who had a gestational age of less than 37 weeks, weighing less than 2,500gr (11%), the mothers had urinary infection (85%), had not attended all controls of pregnancy (69%), receiving mixed lactation (54%). Therefore, it can be concluded that the prevalence of this disease is higher in the area of neonatology, in which most of the mothers did not take the prenatal controls indicated by the medical staff, so they did not take the appropriate care.