Factores asociados al desarrollo de úlceras por presión en pacientes del servicio de Medicina Crítica del Hospital General Luis Vernaza de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

The World Health Organization estimates that one in 10 patients living in industrialized countries suffer adverse events while receiving health care. (1) Objective: To determine the factors associated with the development of pressure ulcers in patients of the health service. critical medicine of the Luis Vernaza Hospital. Methodology: We used an indirect observation guide, type of descriptive study with a prospective quantitative approach, data were taken from the clinical records of patients seen in the Critical Care Medicine service, from August 2018 to January 2019. Results: The tabulated data allow us to show that 57% of the admitted patients are between 18 and 40 years old, 67% of the male sex, 55% of the mixed race. With reference to extrinsic and intrinsic factors, it is evident that 56% no surgical intervention, 86% immobilization by sedation. 100% of the patients clinical device in their body, 83% without mobility and 69% with low weight and 72% with limited consciousness, 24% have suffered a cerebrovascular accident (CVA); 22% encephalic skull trauma (TBI), 27% hospital stay from 1 to 4 months. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the factors associated with pressure ulcers can appear in any patient admitted to an intensive care unit, there is no predisposition to sex, ethnicity, age, but they do appear according to the days of hospitalization. the extrinsic and intrinsic factors that appear during this.