Evaluación de la condición física y capacidad funcional en pacientes con patologías respiratorias crónicas en el área de Neumología del Hospital General Guasmo Sur.

Abstract

The physiotherapeutic assessment in patients with respiratory pathologies is a work that consists of different parameters to be used. This work is the product of an extensive literature review regarding the respiratory system, the problems that affect it and how rehabilitation acts in relation to these problems. The general objective is to determine the physical condition and functional capacity of these patients and how their respiratory compromise will affect these last two criteria. The sample chosen for this study was 86 patients aged 18-85 years belonging to the area of Pulmonology of the Guasmo Sur General Hospital. The methodological design of the study included a quantitative approach with a descriptive scope, with a cross-sectional analysis since the results were obtained through a single data collection by each patient. The results obtained indicate that 70% of the sample obtained an amplitude of 0.5- 2 centimeters during inspiration as a result of the thoracic expansion. Oxygen saturation levels in 44% of the population oscillated between 90-95%, determining a moderate oxygenation, with these levels these patients with respiratory pathologies manage to tolerate exercise. The results of the Borg scale obtained from the evaluation showed predominantly mild levels (0-3) of dyspnea (48%) and muscular fatigue (59%). It is concluded that implementing a physical conditioning plan focused on muscle training through the use of therapeutic bands as part of the physiotherapeutic treatment will improve the physical condition and functional capacity of the patient.