La capilaroscopía del lecho ungueal como predictor de preeclampsia en embarazadas del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo 2018-2019.

Abstract

Pre-eclapmsia is very common hypertensive disorder in our country that causes a high morbi-mortality index to women. Throught time, some methods have been developed in order to make an early diagnose of pre-eclampsia even before it presents its typical symptoms; however, there have been no success. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy is a technique that observes the microvasculature, letting the investigator detect the characteristics and changes those vessels could have. This method have been used in multiple areas such as endocrinology, cardiology and rheumatism but there are few studies in gyne/obstetrics. Our study aims to analize the nail capillaroscopic characteristics of pregnant population and patterns of videocapillaroscopy characteristics that could be related to the presence of pre-eclampsia in the future. Objective: To identify the usefulness of nailfold videocapillaroscopy characteristics in pregnant women as a predictor of pre-eclampsia. Method: A prospective observational study was performed. We tooks images of nailfold-capillaries in patients without diagnosis of preeclampsia. In addition, we considered constitutional and obstetric variables and observed if any of them related to the development of pre-eclampsia. Results: A sample of 82 patients was obtained, of which 9 developed preeclampsia. Based on the statistical analysis performed through the Spearman coefficient, we found no statistical significance regarding the presence of capilaroscopic anomalies and the development of pre-eclampsia. Conclusions: It was shown that there is a high percentage of gravid patients who develop pre-eclampsia in our environment.