Prevalencia de hemorragia digestiva alta en pacientes ingresados por el área de emergencia del Hospital General IESS Milagro del 01 de enero del 2017 hasta el 31 de diciembre del 2018.

Abstract

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is denominated to all bleeding produced by some organic lesion that is above the Treitz angle, it is considered a medical emergency because if a timely intervention is not made, the decompensation of the patient can occur and increase their morbidity and mortality. It is a clinical condition that affects both sexes equally and represents one of the main reasons why the Gastroenterology service is consulted to identify the etiology and give it the respective follow-up. This syndromic case, considered this way because it manifests itself with multiple signs and symptoms but with different etiologies among which we have two groups, first we have the group of digestive bleeding of variceal origin and second group of non-variceal origin; in turn, those of variceal origin as its name says it is that event that occurs in the course of hepatic cirrhosis decompensated by the rupture of esophageal varices while within those of non-variceal origin we have gastric ulcer as the most frequent cause, angiodysplasias, esophagitis, Dieulafoy's lesion, Mallory Weiss's tears, NSAID gastritis and neoplastic lesions such as gastric cancer. Within the clinical spectrum the two sui generis symptoms in which the UGIB usually manifests are haematemesis and melena, accompanied by palpitations, pallor, adynamia, asthenia, sweating and hypotension, which are indicative of the picture and whose intensity will reveal the degree of hypovolemia that the patient has; in much more serious cases, the patient may refer precordial pain, dyspnea and syncope; it is necessary to take into account these last three clinical manifestations, which are indicative of hemodynamic decompensation and which imperatively requires hospital admission.