Impacto de las úlceras por presión en pacientes con evento cerebrovascular del Hospital General de la Policía de Guayaquil durante el periodo 2015-2017.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the existence of an association between the development of pressure ulcers and mortality in patients with stroke. Methods: Analytical observational cohort study, which included 199 patients who were admitted to the Hospital General de la Policía de Guayaquil from January 1 of 2015 to December 30 of 2017 with a diagnosis of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Results: The development of UPP was seen in 80 patients, of which 50.2% developed UPP corresponding to grade II NPUAP. Of the cases of stroke with UPP development, there were 32 deaths, which translate to a percentage of 40%. It was observed that the average of days of hospitalization in UPP cases was 19, while in cases where UPP was not developed it was 9 days. A binominal regression was performed for the discharge state, which showed that the development of UPP is not related to mortality in patients with stroke (p = 0.728). Discussion: The study determined that the development of UPP is not related to the increase in patient mortality in contrast to results from other similar studies, where the presence of UPP was independently associated with mortality. However, results similar to other studies were observed in the development of the lesions, determining a high prevalence. Likewise, there were comparable results regarding the predominant sex in patients with UPP, which was male. The degree of injury was the most frequent grade III, while other investigations determine that it is grade IV. Conclusion: It was concluded that mortality in cases of cerebrovascular disease does not vary depending on the presence or absence of pressure ulcers.