Evaluación de técnicas de diseño de antenas de microcinta de parche rectangular multibanda para sistemas de comunicaciones inalámbricas.

Abstract

In the present work, multi-band rectangular patch microstrip antenna design techniques are evaluated for wireless communication systems. Based on the foregoing, the theoretical foundations of microstrip antennas are exposed, emphasizing their characteristics, most common geometric shapes of the patch, types of feeding, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. Different methods for the design of microstrip antennas are analyzed, delving into the techniques that allow obtaining antennas with multiband behavior. Based on these techniques, rectangular patch antenna designs are presented using the HFSSv15.0.2 software to simulate and optimize them. Finally, the designs are evaluated according to the desired behavior. In the present work, the Exploratory research method is used, through which the current status, characteristics and parameters of microstrip antennas are deepened. From the achievement of the state of the art, the Descriptive method is applied to analyze the obtained information and to use it in the design of rectangular patch antennas with the use of techniques that allow multiband behavior to be achieved. The research applies the Empirical-Analytical paradigm and a Quantitative approach that uses mathematical operations both to characterize the technologies studied in this work, as well as to carry out the designs of each proposed structure. The applied design methodology is Experimental because the parameters investigated are manipulated, to obtain the best characteristics of the design in terms of achieving multiband behavior.