Complicaciones perinatales de pacientes con diabetes gestacional vs diabetes pregestacional del Hosptial IESS Ceibos y Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el periodo enero 2018 - enero 2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Gestational diabetes is any carbohydrate intolerance that first appears during pregnancy. In contrast, pregestational diabetes is a morbid state of diabetes diagnosed prior to pregnancy. Both forms of presentation entail significant complications, for both the mother and the product, so it is important to know them in order to maintain proper communication and planning of the pregnancy with the parents. Objective: To compare the perinatal outcomes of patients with gestational diabetes with those of patients with pregestational diabetes. Materials and methods: A retrospective, observational and analytical study of pregnant patients with an established diagnosis of gestational and pregestational diabetes treated at the obstetrics service of IESS Los Ceibos and Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo was carried out between January 2018 and January of 2019. Electronic medical records of the AS400 system that contributed to the consolidation of the database were reviewed. Results: 79% had gestational diabetes. Among the complications that occurred most frequently, respiratory distress was found, 15.10%, followed by congenital malformations, with 12.90%, and thirdly the jaundice of the newborn, with 9.10%. Within congenital malformations, it was obtained that most of them were of cardiac origin, occurring in a total of 20 infants. Conclusion: Pregestational diabetes is associated with an increase of at least 5 times that the baby has cardiac malformations.