Eficacia del tratamiento antimicrobiano en pacientes con neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica en el Hospital General Norte de Guayaquil los Ceibos en el periodo de enero 2018 hasta enero del 2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Mechanical ventilation is a common treatment used in an intensive care unit. However, it is associated with different complications, pneumonia being one of the most frequent. The needs in patients who require ventilatory support increases the risk of suffering from this pathology. 80% of in-hospital pneumonia occurs in patients with artificial airway, with NAV being responsible for approximately 50% of this infection. Materials and methods: An observational descriptive cohort investigation of patients admitted to the ICU of the HGNGC was performed in which the effectiveness of the empirical treatment of VAP was determined, evaluating parameters such as decreased febrile process, white blood cells and neutrophils, negativity of microbiological culture, absence of purulent secretion, decrease or absence of radiological infiltrates. Results: Of the 345 patients included in our study, 156 (53.92%) were women while 189 (54.72%) were male. Of these patients the mortality rate of 73.62%. The most commonly used antibiotic schemes are vancomycin and meropenem (44.68%), followed by ciprofloxacin plus cefepime (27.54%), the least used imipinem (8.12 %) and fluconazole (0.87%). Conclusions: The NAV is the adverse effect with high mortality in patients with prolonged intubation, causing unintentional damage. Due to the large number of people who enter the ICU and in turn require respiratory support, it is necessary to have preventive measures and an adequate empirical treatment scheme.