Prevalencia de anomalías cardiacas diagnosticadas en valoración cardiológica prequirúrgica en pacientes sometidos a cirugías no cardiacas en el Hospital Naval de Guayaquil durante el periodo 2014 - 2017.

Abstract

In clinical cardiology consultations, it is common to find cases where the specialist is involved in patient’s preoperative evaluation undergoing non-cardiac surgery that have a certain degree of cardiovascular risk. Cardiovascular complications of non-cardiac surgeries depend on patient’s risk factors, the type of surgery and the circumstances in which the operation is performed. Our review estimates the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities diagnosed in preoperative cardiovascular evaluations in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgeries at the Hospital Naval of Guayaquil during the 2014-2017 period. An observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed, showing that, out of a total of 248 patients, 186 (75%) were not diagnosed with cardiac abnormalities, however, 25% presented a cardiological pathology and the most frequent was cardiac arrhythmias in 13 patients (5%). The Lee’s revised cardiac risk index was used to establish pre-surgical risk. The preoperative evaluation, currently represent a great challenge for the clinician, who has to elaborate a complete medical history and physical examination, to find out abnormalities that may be a risk of complications during surgery, however, the decision to perform the operation or not depends on the surgeon.