Prevalencia de mutaciones genéticas en adenocarcinoma de pulmón en pacientes entre 18 y 95 años del Hospital Luis Vernaza durante el periodo 2016 - 2018.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Lung adenocarcinoma is a type of non-small cell cancer, whose incidence is increasing in both sexes. Currently, certain genetic mutations can be identified in order to start with a targeted therapy. It has been shown that its incidence is directly associated with environmental factors than hereditary factors. METHODOLOGY: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. In which a database of 20 records of medical records of patients treated during January 2016 to December 2018 at the Luis Vernaza Hospital, confirmed with lung adenocarcinoma, was generated. Data collection was carried out in an Excel 2016 workbook and later tables and statistical analysis were generated. RESULTS: Of the 20 patients with lung adenocarcinoma, 20% had genetic mutations, 15% had hypertension and 10% had type II diabetes. Age is related to survival because there is a high risk (25.0) of people who are over 66 (average age) are less likely to survive in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. 60% of patients are chronic or passive smokers. In the Pearson Correlation test, the types of mutations are not related to Lung Adenocarcinoma, therefore the null hypothesis was accepted since r = .248> p = 0.05, which shows that the majority of these patients do not they have a genetic predisposition with Lung Cancer, but if these mutations are related to behavioral and environmental habits. CONCLUSIONS: Adenocarcinoma of the lung type is a disease that has the greatest impact on environmental factors, and that its survival rate decreases as soon as it is diagnosed at more advanced ages. It can also be concluded that lung adenocarcinoma has a higher incidence in males, in people over 66 years of age and the survival rate decreases to 25%. 60% of cases are directly related in chronic or passive smoking patients. Preventive education is suggested and to investigate mutations in individuals predisposed to degenerative and obstructive diseases for personalized genetic treatments whose sensitivity is greater than conventional treatment.