Eficacia del trasplante corneal en pacientes del servicio de oftalmología del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el período diciembre 2016 a abril 2019.

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of corneal transplantation in a third level hospital in Ecuador. Method: This is a retrospective, observational and descriptive study placed at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital between December 2016 and April 2019. All of the patients undergoing corneal transplants during this period were include as part of the population. Results: We studied a total of 78 cases, where 57,69% of the patients showed visual acuity improvement after corneal transplantation, meanwhile 42,31% showed no improvement. Keratoconus represented the 25,64% of all the indications for corneal transplantation. We also elicited that history of eye surgery accounted for 53,3 of all risk factors observed in this group of patients. Conclusions: The effectiveness in corneal transplants is 57,7%, which represents more than half of the patients who experienced a marked improvement in their visual acuity. The most common indication for this surgical procedure was keratoconus, followed in second place by corneal scars and in third place corneal ulcers and retransplantation. The most frequent complication was corneal rejection. Regarding risk factors, this study concluded that a history of eye surgery was the most frequent one related, but retransplant was the most related risk factor with corneal transplant rejection according to odds ratio.