Correlacion cito-histológica entre la atipia de células escamosas de significado indeterminado (ascus) y la neoplasia intraepitelial cervical (nic) de alto y bajo grado en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo desde enero del 2016 a diciembre del 2017.

Abstract

Cervical cancer represents one of the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. In Ecuador, cervical cancer represents the second cause of death in women only surpassed by breast cancer. It has been determined in recent decades that human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main causative agent of cases of CCU and its precursor lesions, since the presence of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) is the cytological abnormality The most frequent found in cervical cancer, its premature detection through cytological study represents the most important method currently available for the timely management of this entity. Objective: To establish the cyto-histological relationship between squamous cells of undetermined significance and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (NIC). Methodology: A descriptive, observational and retrospective study was carried out, for which women treated at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital with an age range ranging from 18 to 65 years and with cytological diagnosis of ASCUS between January 2016 were taken as samples as of December 2017. Results: 72 medical records were analyzed after applying the selection criteria, an average age of 39.9 years was obtained, a mode of 29 years. Within the biopsy findings we found that 36 (50% ) subjects presented low-grade intraepithelial lesions L-LIE / NIC I, 15 (20.8%) high- grade intraepithelial lesions, 5 (6.8%) squamous metaplasia, 2 (2.8%) keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, as well as 1 (1.4%) presented non- keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, 3 (4.2%) mild chronic cervicitis, 2 (2.8%) moderate cervicitis, 3 (4.2%) erosive cervicitis, 1 (1.4% ) chronic cervicitis with squamous metaplasia, 2 (2.8%) atrophy and 1 (1.4%) adenocarcinoma Conclusions: In our study we found that the most frequent histological lesion was the low-grade intraepithelial lesion, in addition to 1 in 10 cases of ASCUS presenting with HPV infection, which resembles what was found in the literature.