Factores de riesgo y criterios pronósticos de rechazo en pacientes con queratoplasia de la Unidad de Trasplante del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo del 2014 a marzo 2019.

Abstract

Keratoplasty or corneal transplantation is a technique that involves replacing the diseased corneal tissue with a healthy one from a donor, dividing it according to its purpose as therapeutic, optical, tectonic and cosmetic. This surgical method that in our country Ecuador has had a rebound since 2015 with a total of 156 corneal transplants that corresponds to 48% of the total transplant nationwide with a greater rebound in 2016 with a total of 478 corneal transplants. Corneal transplantation can be performed due to corneal lesions, scars caused by infection or lesions, corneal opacity, corneal ulcers, keracotome, corneal thinning, to name a few.3,8,12 General Objective: Identify risk factors and prognostic criteria of rejection presented by patients with keratoplasty of Teodoro Maldonado Carbo. Methodology: A quantitative, retrospective, observational and cross-sectional research was carried out in the ophthalmology transplant area of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital in Guayaquil, during the period of time between January 2014 - March 2019. Results: within our investigation we found that tissue rejection or failure was seen in 50 patients corresponding to 40% of the total population with a predominance in the transplanted male gender of 77 patients corresponding to 62% of the 125 but the male gender It also predominates in tissue failure with 70%. The risk factors were also closely related to patients with rejection since they all presented them but within them there were certain differences that we will expose.