Valoración de la capacidad funcional de los adultos mayores y su relación con el riesgo de sarcopenia, de la ciudad de Guayaquil durante el periodo de mayo a julio del 2019. Diseño de propuesta de tratamiento fisioterapéutico.

Abstract

Sarcopenia is characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance, which over time can cause functional dependence. This project managed to assess the functional capacity of older adults (AM) from 60 years, relating it to the risk of sarcopenia, in the city of Guayaquil during the period from May to July 2019. The scope of this research is correlational. with non-experimental methodological design and cross section. The total population was 326 AM and the sample of 275 (N), of which 179 women (65%) and 96 men (35%) were found, anthropometry, dynamometry, BIA (SECA mBCA 525) techniques were used, scale SPPB (Short Performance Physical Battery) and Barthel test. The results obtained based on functional capacity and sarcopenia without distinction of gender were: greater moderate dependence in women; On the SPPB scale, 49% of the male had moderate limitations, while 31% of the women had severe limitations. Of the N, 32 suffer from sarcopenia, 79 from severe sarcopenia and 162 subjects presented a risk of sarcopenia. When analyzing the results by means of p-valué, a relationship between the following study variables was evidenced: Age versus SPPB and Skeletal Muscle Mass (MME); Force versus Barthel, SPPB, MME; Weight versus MME; SPPB versus MME. There was no evidence of a relationship between Barthel versus MME and age. In conclusion, men reflect less risk factors in aging, since they obtained a lower percentage in the 3 levels of sarcopenia.