Evaluación de la capacidad funcional y la localización topográfica de las lesiones focales en pacientes con Toxoplasmosis Cerebral asociado al Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana.

Abstract

Cerebral Toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection of the Central Nervous System, caused by the Toxoplasma Gondii protozoan that frequently occurs in HIV immunocompromised patients. The clinical manifestations shows vomiting, headache, fever, risk of alertness and focal neurological deficits. For this reason, the present work is elaborated with the objective of determining the functional capacity and topographic location of the focal lesions in patients with HIV-associated cerebral toxoplasmosis of the Hospital of Infectología “Dr. José Daniel Rodríguez Maridueña” from Guayaquil. The methodology has a quantitative approach, descriptive scope, non-experimental design and crosssection, with a non-probabilistic sample of 63 patients aged 18 to 75 years. It was obtained as a result taking into account the age and sex of the sample taken, using the evaluation batteries such as: Modified Tinetti Scale, Borg Scale, Functional Instrument Measurement and Daniels Muscle Test and the location by means of brain NMR. Demonstrating the following results: 48.9% with higher risk of falls, 63% -57% have mild levels of muscular fatigue and dyspnea, 52.67% -52.42% have motor and cognitive deficits, 37% with grade 5 muscle strength, 51.16% obtained Better quality of life in health and 49% show lesions in basal ganglia. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that patients with HIV-associated CT need to perform physical activity monitored by a trained physiotherapist, in order to maintain and improve physical and functional capacity, emphasizing the patient's biopsychosocial approach, to allow them to develop in society.