El calentamiento global y su incidencia en el sector agrícola de la provincia del guayas, cantón Daule.

Abstract

Global warming is the most obvious manifestation of climate change referring to the average increase in global terrestrial and marine temperatures, where the main cause of pollution is the activity of the human being that produces a high amount of greenhouse gases (GHG), in addition of the exacerbated exploitation of natural resources. Under this context, the AVC tool (Analysis of variability and capacities) has been applied that demonstrates the different forms of presentation of global warming in the agricultural sector in the Daule canton, whose sector is the basis of food sovereignty, the same that fosters to the sufficient production, conservation, exchange, transformation, commercialization and consumption of healthy and nutritious foods at national level and the importance of creating a strategic plan to mitigate the emission of gases and establish forms of adaptability to the existing conditions is analyzed. The present research work aims to analyze the incidence of global warming in the production of agricultural crops in the Daule canton through a descriptive analysis. The method that was applied is quantitative deductive. The type of research is descriptive and correlational because it seeks to specify the properties or characteristics of a phenomenon. Interviews were carried out with a Community Development Manager “Municipality of Daule”, Treasurer of the General User Board of the “América - Lomas” Risk System, Manager of the Plan América “Pila. 43 via Daule - Santa Lucia, Manager of the Piladora Nacho “Km. 55 via Daule - Santa Lucia, to MAGAP staff as Head of the Information Unit “MAGAP GUAYAS” and Field Technician “MAGAP GUAYAS”. On the other hand, interviews were also carried out with 95 farmer day laborers, including experts on the subject in the 95 representatives of the Magro parish belonging to the Daule canton in the province of Guayas that were studied. The results obtained from the interviews that were applied to the sample, I confirm that climate change has a great impact on the rice farming sector of the Magro parish. When situations of droughts and floods occur, in the low areas where the highest percentage of crop losses is in the floods, 100% of the crop is lost and in the high areas due to lack of drainage, approximately 50% of the harvest, which allows us to intuit that the hypothesis raised in the investigation is valid. As a general conclusion, the incidence of global warming on the rice farming sector is negative, whose hypothesis was affirmed according to interviews conducted with farmers in the area, determining that the different climatic changes caused by global warming directly affect crops with the rains when the crops flood and the drought when it is severe. Finally, this helped us to propose measures mainly to make an organic production that will help us take care of the environment and have a better product.