La solidez financiera como factor de competitividad de acuerdo con el tamaño de las instituciones bancarias en Ecuador. Período 2014-2018.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the competitiveness of institutions from the banking sector in Ecuador during the period 2014-2018 through financial strength indicators and significant differences by bank size. The research had a non-experimental design, cross-sectional, with a quantitative approach and descriptive - correlational scope. The population consisted of 17 banking institutions that met the requirement of having a minimum of five-year operation and were active at the time of the study. The data was obtained from Superintendencia de Bancos. The techniques used for data analysis were correlation coefficients that measure the association between variables, an exploratory factor analysis to obtain financial strength factors and a discriminant analysis to determine significant differences between the bank size. The six factors were: (a) deposit ratio, (b) return ratio, (c) efficiency ratio, (d) profitability ratio, (e) income-expenditure ratio and (f) capital adequacy ratio. Results determined that large-size banks are financially stronger in the income-expenditure ratio, medium-size banks are financially more effective in return ratio and small-size banks are financially stronger in deposit and profitability ratio.