Medición de pH salival en pacientes periodontalmente afectados, Clínica UCSG 2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Saliva is one of the main factors that interacts with the microbiota related to the pathogenesis of caries and periodontal disease. It has several functions such as pH stabilization, buffer capacity, remineralization, initial digestion and antimicrobial action. Without a correct oral hygiene, it can stimulate accumulation of bacterial plaque and microorganisms that cause an inflammatory response of the gums and alterations in levels of salivary ph. Purpose: determine the association between high salivary pH with periodontal disease in adult patients of the UCSG Clinic. Materials and methods: this study corresponded to a cross-sectional clinical research with a cohort analytical design. The sample was made up of 70 male and female patients over the age of 18, evaluated under a descriptive statistical test. Results: the average value of salivary pH in periodontally healthy patients was 6.68 while in patients with gingivitis 7.21, in periodontitis stage II 7.62, stage III 7.68 and finally in stage IV was 7.75. Discussion: salivary pH fulfills different and important functions in the oral cavity as the maintenance of homeostasis due to its functions of remineralization, protection and lubrication of tissues. When there is an alteration of the pH, acid values increase the susceptibility to the development of caries and alkaline ph. increases the risk of colonization of periodontopathic microorganisms, so changes in this will have a relationship with the periodontal state, bacterial plaque levels and hemoglobin glycosylated levels as well. Conclusion: We can conclude that in periodontally affected patients there will be an alkalinization of pH while in patients with periodontal health it will be at neutral levels (6.68) with a statistically representative difference between both states. It was also established that high pH levels are associated with poor plaque control (> 24%). Additionally, according to the data obtained, it was possible to confirm that glycosylated hemoglobin in the periodontitis group had a negative correlation, but due to a limited sample we cannot establish a significant relationship between both variables.