Patrón facial y esqueletal en pacientes con síndrome de down, Baúl de Pinocho - Guayaquil, 2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Down syndrome (SD) is a non-inherited irreversible congenital disorder, which in 95% is caused by trisomy of chromosome 21. It represents 10% of all cases of mental retardation. Children with DS have associated abnormalities such as decreased head circumference, middle facial third and mandibular size and brachifacial pattern in young individuals. Patients with DS have associated conditions such as hypodontia and anodontia, irregular dental eruption. Objective: To determine the facial and skeletal pattern in children with Down Syndrome between 6 and 15 years. Materials and methods: The following study is a transversal type with a descriptive, analytical and correlational design in which radiographs of 50 patients were analyzed and evaluated the facial, skeletal, dental and aesthetic parameters according to the studies of ricketts and steinner. Results: Regarding the facial pattern, 56% were acquired, which were severe brachyfacial, according to the skeletal pattern, it reached 44.7% in class I, according to the dental pattern, 52% were obtained, and in reference to the facial pattern, it was obtained that 74% had the convex profile Conclusion: The most prevalent biotype was the brachifacial, with an aesthetic parameter was convex related to a lower incisor proinclination and showing skeletal class I in patients with DS.