Análisis de la relación entre los costos de calidad y la cadena de valor de la leche expendida en mercados del norte de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

During dairy production, the development of technologies is constantly being updated. This is why industries, the marketing chain and consumers are becoming more demanding in terms of products quality, from its production into its consumption. The objective of this thesis is to analyses the quality costs and the value chain of raw milk sold in markets in the northern part of Guayaquil. A descriptive study was carried out. Consumer and supplier surveys were carried out and validated by experts and teachers. By means of an Expo-facto design, four markets in the north of Guayaquil were chosen, four stores per market and four milk samples per store; finally, a witness sample was chosen from a supermarket in the city. Physical-chemical parameters such as: acidity, pH and density; and microbiological parameters such as the detection of Salmonella and Escherichia coli from the milk samples were analyzed. The samples were elaborated in the plant of the Universidad Católica Santiago De Guayaquil, keeping the cold chain. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a test of minimum references were proposed. According to the results is was determined that the acidity and pH show significant differences between the markets. There is presence of Salmonella and Escherichia coli. Cost, quality and segments of the milk value chain were related.