¿Es posible implementar un régimen especial de jubilación anticipada para la Gente de Mar en el Ecuador?.

Abstract

Ecuador, a country in which, the port - maritime activity, has been present since before the Spanish colonization. And at the present, its production and development has placed it within the 25 countries with the greatest fishing activity worldwide according to the report issued in 2018 by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, obtaining the 22nd place with one with a fishing rate of 715,357 tons. This implies the great impact of fishing and its importance. Also adding the fact that this sector is continuously growing in the country, offering greater job vacancies. Due to this constant change, society requires regulations that handle all aspects that involve these occupations, in other words, from the beginning to the end of working life, thereby establishing the right to retire. In Ecuador, there are two types of retirement, either employer's or IESS's, in other words, from the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute. The history of Ecuador has allowed the advancement of labor rights, at the same time as the principles that are issued by the various international treaties, are applied in the country according to regulations, but there are specific ramifications of productive economic activities which have been lacking a legal framework, in this case the work of seafarers, given the importance and other points mentioned by other entities, international organizations. And, it does not only imply a general parameter, but as regards the people who are involved, based on their rights, in this case, the retirement that, due to the parameters made by the ILO, in search of social justice and continuous improvement, considering the danger of maritime activity - port, it is suggested that it be considered in anticipation of retirement in order to protect the members of this group. Recalling the existing models in other countries, which would allow the creation of guidelines to be followed in Ecuador, the measures that should be taken and that, if it is finally possible to adopt these measures for the benefit of the maritime sector, sea workers, for the sake of evolution of law and its progression.