Utilidad de la escala de Graeb en la valoración de desarrollo de hidrocefalia en recién nacidos pretérminos con hemorragia intraventricular en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante en el periodo 2015-2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Intraventricular hemorrhage (HIV) is considered the most common form of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage, and is particular to prematurity, usually beginning in the germinal matrix. The Graeb scale separately scores bleeding from the lateral ventricles up to a value of 4 and bleeding from the III and IV ventricles with a maximum score of 2 for a maximum total of 12. Hydrocephalus usually develops in 20-74% of newborns with HIV. Newborns with Grade I or II bleeding do not have hydrocephalus by definition. 55% of newborns with Grade III bleeding and 80% with Grade IV bleeding will develop hydrocephalus. Materials and Methods: A study of Prevalence or Cross Section (observational, descriptive) was performed. Data were obtained by reviewing medical records and image reports in the period between 2015-2019 at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital. Results: In relation to the severity of HIV, grade I presented in 15%, grade II in 20%, grade III in 30% and grade IV in 35%. Patients who developed hydrocephalus had a higher Graeb score value than patients who did not develop hydrocephalus, demonstrating the statistically significant correlation between these 2 variables. (t = 3,499, p = 0.003). Conclusion: It was established that there is a statistically significant correlation between the degree of intraventricular hemorrhage and the Graeb score, the higher the degree of HIV, the greater the value in the Graeb score. Similarly, the correlation between high Graeb score values and the development of hydrocephalus, and vice versa, is statistically significant.