Factores de riesgo asociados a hemorragia de la matriz germinal-intraventricular en neonatos prematuros atendidos en el Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo durante el periodo 2013-2018.

Abstract

Germinal matrix hemorrhage is one of the most common complications in preterm infants. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the risk factors associated with bleeding from the germinal matrix in preterm infants attended at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital. The information was obtained from the database in the AS/400 system of the Hospital, a p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Variables significantly associated with hemorrhage from the intraventricular germinal matrix are degrees of prematurity: Gestational age less than 32 weeks p-value (<0.001), apgar score low p-value (<0.001), male sex p-value (< 0.010), low weight preterm infants p-value (0.034), neonatal sepsis p-value (<0.001), respiratory distress p-value (<0.001) and urinary tract infection with a p-value (<0.001). Low platelet count is not significantly relevant in this study, maternal hypertensive disorder showed no association with the development of bleeding from the germ matrix with p-value (0.079) as well as premature rupture of p-value membranes (0.532) and chorioamnionitis p-value (0.310). Finally, the severity of intraventricular germinal matrix bleeding that occurs most frequently is grade I. (57.1%) In conclusion, the risk factors associated with intraventricular germinal matrix are the degree of prematurity: less than 32 weeks, male sex, low weight, low apgar score, neonatal respiratory distress, neonatal sepsis and maternal urinary tract infection.