Factores de riesgo que incrementan el índice de tuberculosis multidrogoresistente en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital General Guasmo Sur durante el año 2018.

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a public health problem that affects the whole world, especially developing countries like ours. Increasing every day many more cases. Objective: Calculate the incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in patients treated at the General Hospital Guasmo Sur during 2018. Materials and methods: Observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study. Collection of data from medical records, from the General Hospital Guasmo Sur; in order to establish the diagnosis of MDR-TB, since there is no specific ICD-10. Results: Data were collected from a total of 54 patients diagnosed with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. 79% of patients were male. The age group from 51 to 70 years old presented 48.1%. Risk factors: abandonment of antifimic treatment 92.5% p: 0.03, for patients with HIV + 12.9% p: 0.12; Diabetes mellitus 7.4% p: 0.28; and with the consumption of illicit drugs 5.5% p: 0.223. The patients suffered from weight loss 92.5%, hemoptysis 48.1%, fever or fever 35.1%, dyspnea: 33.3%, and cough in 22.2% of the patients. To the drugs that resistance was found: isoniazid and rifampicin 79.6% of the cases. Conclusion: There is a significant association between abandonment of treatment and the increased incidence of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.