Influencia del trauma craneoencefálico en el desarrollo de epilepsia postraumática y/o enfermedad neuropsiquiátrica en adultos del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo del 2016-2018.

Abstract

Introduction: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a prevalent disease in our milieu, reaching the ninth place in the causes of morbidity among men in Ecuador. Postraumatic Epilepsy (PTE) and neuropsychiatric disorders (NPD) are the most important chronic sequalae of traumatic brain injury. It´s believed that all types of epilepsy and neuropsychiatric disorders have bidirectional influence and share similar pathophysiology. In our milieu there are no studies showing association between TBI and other chronic sequelae of this disease. Methods: Retrospective, observational and analytical study. The data were collected from the medical records of Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo (HTMC) from January 2010 to December 2018. Results: There were included a randomized sample of 350 subjects with PTE and/or psychiatric disorder (with or without previous TBI) with 18 years or older. The most frequent TBI sequelae was NPD and among them, the most frequent was anxiety disorders (54.5%). The study shows that the prevalence of previous TBI in NPD population is of 2%. The initial Posttraumatic Epilepsy (iPTE) associated with NPD had a low prevalence, among patients with PTE (20%) and among patients with previous TBI (9.09%). This study found a significant association between TBI and PTE (p<0.001), also between TBI and Other anxiety disorders (F41) (p<0.001) and between iPTE and F41 (p<0.001) Conclusion: This study found that there is a significant association between TBI and the development of NPD, both directly and through PTE.