Accidentes laborales por pinchazos en el personal profesional de enfermería de un hospital de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Biosafety has three fundamental pillars that give rise to universal precautions, aimed at maintaining, controlling and reducing occupational risk factors from biological, physical or chemical agents in order to protect health personnel and patients. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that every year 385,000 injuries from needle sticks and other sharps occur in hospital workers; An average of 1000 injuries per day. The real magnitude of the problem is difficult to assess because the information suffers from an important underreporting, especially in other health facilities outside hospitals. The objective of this investigation is to determine occupational accidents due to punctures in the professional nursing staff of a hospital in the city of Guayaquil. The methodology is quantitative, descriptive and prospective, applying indirect observation to 50 nursing graduates. The results describe that 98% make use of sharp objects, 92% use the technique of re-hooding, 60% use needles, 42% develop channeling, 30% prepare and administer medications, 46% describe that they are exposed to HIV infection within this area. Regarding training, 78% were trained, 60% seek information and 70% comply with protocols. It is concluded that the majority of professionals make continuous use of sharp objects, in such a way that professionals need to be oriented on the handling of sharp objects and the importance of complying with nursing rules and protocols.