Caracterización de pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio ingresados en el área de cardiología de un hospital de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Acute myocardial infarction is necrosis or death of the heart muscle caused by obstruction of the coronary artery. Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the cardiology area of a hospital in the city of Guayaquil. Methodology: It is descriptive, quantitative, prospective, transversal in nature. Population and sample: The population and sample will be made up of 50 patients from the Los Ceibos General Hospital from November 2019 to February 2020. Instrument: The survey and indirect observation will be applied. Results: According to the sociodemographic profile of the patients, the male population presented with 62%, followed by women with 38%, aged 45 to 50 years, 48%, with marital status married 42% and secondary education level 48%. Based on the symptoms, 100% of the patients presented precordial pain, followed by dyspnea 64%, sweating 62%. When identifying the risk factors, it was evident that 76% presented hypertension, 74% sedentary lifestyle, 60% alcohol consumption, 50% tobacco consumption. The diagnostic criteria were oppressive pain 74%, with an electrocardiographic record of ischemia 60%, injury 24% and necrosis 9%, the applied management 60% received medical treatment, 24% received medical and hemodynamic treatment and 16% medical treatment, hemodynamic and surgical. Conclusion: acute myocardial infarction is a gradual and progressive recovery process that must follow the indications effectively to achieve a good recovery and reduce the risk of a new episode.