Otitis media como factor de riesgo de perforación de la membrana timpánica en pacientes pediátricos de 1 a 12 años que acuden a la consulta externa de otorrinolaringología del Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos durante mayo del 2018 a mayo de 2019.

Abstract

Otitis media is an acute viral or bacterial suppurative infection of the middle ear. It occurs suddenly, in most patients that present this infection in its active and inactive phases, a spontaneous rupture of the tympanic membrane occurs, resulting in perforation, these can occur in a high percentage in children who present with acute recurrent otitis media. In our setting, there are few studies that describe the prevalence of tympanic membrane perforation and what are its most influential risk factors that lead to tympanic membrane ischemia and therefore its perforation. The purpose of this thesis was to demonstrate Acute otitis media as a risk factor for tympanic membrane perforation in patients aged 1 to 12 years who attend the otorhinolaryngology medical consultation at the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos. A retrospective, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. 110 medical records of patients who presented otitis media were analyzed, 12% of the cases resulted in perforation of the tympanic membrane of various etiologies, 6.66% of the cases studied presented chronic non-suppurative otitis media, 13.33% presented chronic suppurative OM, the following 40% were diagnosed with unspecified otitis media; 20% with chronic mucoid OM, 13.33% OM with chronic suppurative tympanic tube and 6.66% OM with effusion respectively.