Frecuencia de sepsis y complicaciones tempranas en neonatos atendidos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales del Hospital General Guasmo Sur en el año 2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Sepsis is the main cause of neonatal death in neonatal intensive care units in the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Reason why clinical manifestations and corresponding diagnostic methods should be studied to carry out timely treatment in order to improve the clinical condition of the newborn. Objective: To estimate the frequency of sepsis and neonatal complications in newborns attended in the NICU of the General Hospital Guasmo Sur in 2019. Methodology: An observational, longitudinal, prospective, descriptive study was conducted in which neonates of the NICU ward of the General Guasmo Sur Hospital in 2019. Results: In the analysis of 4898 newborns born at the General Guasmo Sur Hospital in 2019, it was observed that 150 newborns presented sepsis; of which 141 (94%) of the patients with sepsis presented immediate complications, finding 31 (20.7%) premature ruptures of the membrane, 4 (2.7%) chorioamnionitis, 1 (0.7%) meningitis, 1 (0.7%) disseminated intravascular coagulation , 4 (2.7%) septic shocks, 3 (2%) multiple organic dysfunctions, and 36 (24%) patients with other complications apart from those studied. Conclusion: Neonatal sepsis is a problem that occurs more frequently in neonatal intensive care units in the country, so it is important to know the proper management to avoid severe complications which can lead to neonatal death. The present research work demonstrated the frequency with which sepsis occurs in neonates, the most common complications observed in them and especially the mortality rate. With these data, when comparing the presence of perinatal complications in patients with and without sepsis, we found a statistically significant difference, with patients with sepsis presenting more complications than those without sepsis.