Cirugía profiláctica del tercer molar en adolescentes observando sus relaciones mediante Cbct julio - diciembre 2019.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The third molars have been associated with pathologies such as pericoronaritis, external reabsorption of the roots of the second molar, cavities and the development of cysts or tumors when they are retained or impacted. The use of Cone Beam CT scans provides detailed information about the relationships of the lower third molar with other anatomical structures. AIM: To present the benefits of prophylactic surgery of lower third molars in adolescents, through the study of Cone CT scans as an aid tool for diagnosis and planning, as well as for the reduction of operative complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tomographic Imaging Study of descriptive, observational design with retrospective, cross-sectional quantitative approach. We analyzed 31 Cone Beam CT scans (43 pieces) of ages between 14 and 20 years, from the city of Guayaquil. RESULTS: The greatest distance was presented in relation to the Inferior Dental Canal in patients younger than 17 years (4.23mm) and toward the second molar in the 19-year-old group (1.33mm). The "Winter" angulations that prevailed were the Mesioangular 65% and the Horizontal 21%. DISCUSSION: The literature showed that from the age of 14 the third molar was in a Class B according to Demirjian, and by the age of 20 he would be in a Class H. Our results showed that in the group of 14 years were mainly in Class D, and when they reached 20 years of age they were in Class G. When the distance to the Lower Dentary Canal is 0mm, there could be the risk of exposure of the Lower Dentary Nerve. The angulation of the lower third molar (Winter) commonly associated with a root resorption of the second molar, is the Mesioangular (53%) and the horizontal (23%) in patients between the ages of 17 and 73 years. CONCLUSION: In adolescence, there are greater distances in relation to other adjacent structures, decreasing complications in the surgical procedure.