Insuficiencia respiratoria y su relación con las maloclusiones.

Abstract

Introduction: Respiratory failure is an unfavorable factor in the quality of lif e in individuals, making it difficult to breathe correctly through the nasal route, promoting it orally and consequently triggering a series of harmful characteristics at the dental skeletal, psychological and social level. in the individual. Objective: To analyze the general etiological causes at the maxillofacial level associated with respiratory failure in patients with mixed dentition. Materials and methods: Qualitative quantitative, descriptive, retrospective, cross sectional, non experimental study, c onsidering 90 research articles between 1932 and 2020 that were reviewed and analyzed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Respiratory failure due to adeno tonsillar hypertrophy was more evident in children than in adults in 81% accordin g to Juliano et al and 50% according to Katz et al respectively. Skeletal Class II prevailed with 82.7% according to Chauan et al, while Dental Class II Division 1 was more evident in 92% according to Oasiatuma et al. The dolicofacial biotype was more visi ble in 84% according to Sprenger et al and the most prevalent mouth breathing in 95% according to Azagra Calero of the other harmful habits. Discussion: Among the factors that trigger respiratory failure, adenoid hypertrophy and allergic rhinitis were the most prevalent factors. As a consequence of malocclusions at the skeletal level in respiratory failure, Skeletal Class II was the most prevalent compared to Class I and III, on the other hand, as a consequence of malocclusions at the dental level in respir atory failure, Dental Class II Division 1 was the more prevalent compared to Class I and III. In respiratory failure and its relationship with facial biotypes, the dolicofacial biotype was the most predominant in comparison with the brachifacial and mesofa cial biotypes. Among the harmful oral habits prevalent in respiratory failure, the most prevalent harmful oral habit was mouth breathing. Finger sucking and atypical