Manejo clínico de perforaciones en tratamientos endodónticos : revisión bibliográfica.

Abstract

Introduction: Root perforations are known as a mechanical or pathological communication between the root canal and the peri-radicular tissues. These can occur as a consequence of procedural errors when performing an endodontic or prosthetic treatment. Knowing the classification, diagnostic methods, materials and treatments available for the clinical management of these is of utmost importance, as well as the factors that influence the prognosis of perforation. Objective: The objective of this study was to take us to a review of the literature, for a better understanding of the clinical management of this type of accidents that can occur in the practice and to know if there is a consensus on the prognosis, therapy and materials used in the presence of this problematic. Materials and methods: The present study is a qualitative, non-experimental, descriptive bibliographic review that was elaborated from publications compiled in virtual search engines such as PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and The Journal of Endodontics. 205 articles on root perforations were collected. Only 37 articles met the inclusion criteria proposed for this study. Results: the articles were divided into folders according to the subject to be evaluated. Each folder was read and the results of the variables were placed in a data table, to later make a qualitative analysis with a descriptive statistic of each one of them. Within the information collected, it was found that the classification and prognosis of iatrogenic perforations are based on the one proposed by Fuss and Trope in 1996. The incidence of perforations varies from 2.3 -12%, being more prevalent in prosthodontic treatments. Another variable evaluated was the materials used to seal iatrogenic perforations, in which the authors conclude that the best options are bioceramics. Conclusions: The knowledge of the operator about the clinical management of this complication is of much importance to perform a good treatment and thus increase the chances of keeping the tooth in the oral cavity.